242 papers
Infectious diseases represent one of the most dynamic frontiers in global health, covering everything from seasonal flu outbreaks to emerging viral threats that cross borders. This field focuses on how pathogens spread, how our immune systems respond, and the strategies scientists use to stop infections before they become epidemics. Because the science moves fast, waiting for traditional publication often means missing critical insights that could save lives.
At Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this category directly from medRxiv to ensure you see the latest findings the moment they appear. Our team transforms these raw studies into both accessible plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, bridging the gap between complex research and public understanding. Below are the latest papers in infectious diseases, updated daily with fresh insights from the global research community.
This paper proposes an interpretable, causally disentangled large language model to accurately predict Long COVID severity in women by distinguishing true pathological signals from confounding factors like hormonal transitions and comorbidities that mimic hallmark symptoms.
This qualitative study conducted across six Ugandan districts identifies specific human-animal-tick interaction behaviors, such as close cohabitation with livestock, slaughtering sick animals, and consuming engorged ticks, as critical yet under-quantified risk factors for Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus transmission that necessitate culturally tailored interventions.
This study conducted at a secondary healthcare facility in Ghana reveals a 22.8% prevalence of urinary tract infections dominated by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, particularly *E. coli*, which exhibit extreme resistance to common beta-lactams and cephalosporins but remain susceptible to amikacin, levofloxacin, and gentamicin, highlighting the urgent need to revise empirical treatment protocols.
A 2024 study in Zambia reveals the rapid emergence and spread of a novel *Pfkelch13* A724E mutation conferring partial artemisinin resistance, evidenced by its rise from 0% to 79% prevalence in Kaoma between 2018 and 2026 and its strong association with day-3 parasite positivity following treatment.
This study demonstrates that generating influenza forecasts at the local metropolitan level significantly outperforms traditional state-level predictions in accuracy, offering a more effective tool for targeted public health planning and outbreak response.
This paper introduces SchistoTrackNet, the first deep learning model capable of automatically diagnosing varying severities of schistosomiasis-associated periportal fibrosis from ultrasound images, offering a scalable solution for large-scale surveillance in low-resource settings to support global elimination efforts.
This systematic review and meta-analysis of 36 studies involving over 10,000 children demonstrates that while nasopharyngeal swabs remain the reference standard, nasal and oral sample types offer comparable diagnostic accuracy for respiratory viruses with significantly better tolerability, supporting their adoption as viable alternatives in pediatric care.
This prospective study in Vietnam demonstrates that undetected isoniazid resistance in rifampin-susceptible tuberculosis patients drastically increases the risk of acquiring rifampin resistance by approximately 100-fold, suggesting that routine isoniazid susceptibility testing could significantly reduce the future burden of rifampin-resistant TB.
Five years after receiving the rVSV-ZEBOV-GP vaccine during the 2018 Ebola outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, a longitudinal study of 1,081 individuals demonstrated that the majority retained sustained detectable anti-EBOV GP antibodies, with response durability varying by prior exposure history and booster administration.
This pragmatic stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial in Pakistan demonstrates that an AI-guided targeting strategy (MATCH-AI) significantly improves the yield of bacteriologically confirmed tuberculosis during active case-finding camps compared to conventional site-selection methods, particularly in rural districts and areas with moderate baseline yields.